The walls of houses with a wooden frame consist of load-bearing racks, bindings, cladding, heat-insulating and finishing layers. Wall insulation is performed in one layer. As thermal insulation, cut boards made of polystyrene foam of the brands PPS10-R, PPS12-R, PPS13-R or PPS14-R are used. The frame of the walls consists of vertical pillars and horizontal elements (upper and lower bindings, jumpers over windows and doorways). Racks within each floor rest on the lower bindings of the wall frame.
The rigidity of the frame is provided by the sheathing of the frame of rigid plate or sheet materials or by diagonal stiffness bonds or struts. To protect the frame wall structure from vapors from the side of the room, a vapor barrier film is used, which is placed on the inner surface of the insulation with the film attached to the frame racks. The cross-section and step of the racks of the wall frame must be taken according to calculation depending on the height of the racks and the load transferred to them. In this case, the dimensions of lumber according to GOST 24454 and their strength characteristics according to SP 64.13330 should be taken into account.
Elements of the wall framework should be made of softwood lumber of at least grade 2 according to GOST 8486. All wooden structures must be flame retardant and antiseptic in accordance with the requirements of chapter SP 70.13330. Wall racks must be continuous and solid across the entire height of the floor (except for racks at the openings). The bindings are made of boards with a thickness of at least 40 mm. The upper harnesses in the bearing walls should consist of two boards in height, the lower harnesses of one board. In the outer walls, the lower harness can protrude beyond the support by no more than 1/3 of its height. The connection of frame parts is carried out with nails, brackets or spikes. The casing is attached to the frame with nails or self-tapping screws.
